Souhvězdí

- seskupení hvězd do obrazců

 

                                          český název        latinský název                 zkratka  
                                      ANDROMEDA                    Andromeda, Andromedae                        And  
                                      BERAN (SKOPEC)              Aries, Arietis                                        Ari  
                                      BLÍŽENCI                        Gemini, Geminorum                                Gem 
                                      BÝK                               Taurus, Tauri                                       Tau 
                                      CEFEUS                          Cepheus, Cephei                                   Cep 
                                      DALEKOHLED                   Telescopium, Telescopii                          Tel 
                                      DELFÍN                           Delphinus, Delphini                                 Del 
                                      DRAK                              Draco, Draconis                                    Dra 
                                      DROBNOHLED                   Microscopium, Microscopii                       Mic 
                                      ERIDANUS                       Eridanus, Eridani                                    Eri  
                                      FÉNIX                             Phoenix, Phoenicis                                Phe 
                                      HAD                               Serpens, Serpentis                                Ser 
                                      HADONOŠ                       Ophiuchus, Ophiuchi                              Oph  
                                      HAVRAN                          Corvus, Corvi                                       Crv 
                                      HERKULES                       Hercules, Herculis                                  Her 
                                      HODINY                          Horologium, Horologii                              Hor 
                                      HOLUBICE                       Columba, Columbae                                Col 
                                      HONÁK (PASTÝŘ)             Bootes, Bootis                                       Boo 
                                      HONICÍ PSI                     Canes Venatici, Canum Venaticorum          CVn  
                                      HYDRA                           Hydra, Hydrae                                       Hya  
                                      CHAMELEON                    Chamaeleon, Chamaeleontis                     Cha 
                                      INDIÁN                           Indus, Indi                                            Ind  
                                      JEDNOROŽEC                   Monoceros, Monocerotis                          Mon  
                                      JEŘÁB                            Grus, Gruis                                            Gru 
                                      JEŠTĚRKA                       Lacerta, Lacertae                                   Lac 
                                      JIŽNÍ KORUNA                 Corona Austrina, Coronae Austrinae            CrA 
                                      JIŽNÍ KŘÍŽ                      Crux, Crucis                                           Cru 
                                      JIŽNÍ RYBA                     Piscis Austrinus, Piscis Austrini                   PsA 
                                      JIŽNÍ TROJÚHELNÍK          Triangulum Australe, Trianguli Australis        TrA 
                                      KASIOPEJA                     Cassiopeia, Cassiopeiae                            Cas  
                                      KENTAUR                       Centaurus, Centauri                                 Cen 
                                      KOMPAS                        Pyxis, Pyxidis                                          Pyx 
                                      KONÍČEK                        Equuleus, Equulei                                    Equ 
                                      KOZOROH                      Capricornus, Capricorni                             Cap 
                                      KRUŽÍTKO                     Circinus, Circini                                        Cir 
                                      LABUŤ                          Cygnus, Cygni                                         Cyg 
                                      LÉTAJÍCI RYBA               olans, Volantis                                         Vol 
                                      LEV                              Leo, Leonis                                             Leo  
                                      LIŠKA (LIŠTIČKA)            Vulpecula, Vulpeculae                               Vul  
                                      LODNÍ KÝL                     Carina, Carinae                                        Car 
                                      LODNÍ ZÁĎ                    Puppis, Puppis                                          Pup 
                                      LOĎ AGRO                     (viz Lodní kýl, Lodní záď a Plachty)  
                                      LYRA                            Lyra, Lyrae                                              Lyr 
                                      MALÍŘ                          Pictor, Pictoris                                          Pic 
                                      MALÝ LEV                     Leo Minor, Leonis Minoris                            Lmi 
                                      MALÝ MEDVĚD               Ursa Minor, UrsaeMinoris                            Umi 
                                      MALÝ PES                     Canis Minor, Canis Minoris                          Cmi 
                                      MALÝ VODNÍ HAD           Hydrus, Hydri                                           Hyi 
                                      MALÝ VŮZ                    (viz Malý medvěd)  
                                      MEČOUN                       Dorado, Doradus                                       Dor 
                                      MOUCHA                       Musca, Muscae                                        Mus                 
                                      OKTANT                       Octans, Octantis                                      Oct 
                                      OLTÁŘ                         Ara, Arae                                                 Ara 
                                      OREL                           Aquila, Aquilae                                          Aql  
                                      ORION                         Orion, Orionis                                            Ori 
                                      PANNA                         Virgo, Virginis                                           Vir 
                                      PÁV                            Pavo, Pavonis                                           Pav 
                                      PEC                            Fornax, Fornacis                                        For  
                                      PEGAS                        Pegasus, Pegasi                                         Peg 
                                      PERSEUS                     Perseus, Persei                                          Per  
                                      PLACHTY                     Vela, Velorum                                            Vel 
                                      POHÁR                        Crater, Crateris                                          Crt  
                                      PRAVÍTKO                    Norma, Normae                                          Nor 
                                      RAJKA                         Apus, Apodis                                             Aps 
                                      RAK (KRAB)                  Cancer, Cancri                                           Cnc 
                                      RYBY                          Pisces, Piscium                                           Cae 
                                      RYS                            Lynx, Lyncis                                              Lyn 
                                      SEVERNÍ KORUNA          Corona Borealis, Coronae Borealis                   CrB 
                                      SEXTANT                    Sextans, Sextantis                                      Sex 
                                      SÍŤ                            Reticulum, Reticuli                                       Ret 
                                      SOCHAŘ                      Sculptor, Sculptoris                                     Scl 
                                      STŘELEC                     Sagittarius, Sagittarii                                   Sgr 
                                      ŠÍP                            Sagitta, Sagittae                                        Sge  
                                      ŠTÍR                          Scorpius, Scorpii                                         Sco 
                                      ŠTÍT SOBIESKÉHO        Scutum, Scuti                                            Sct 
                                      TABULOVÁ HORA          Mensa, Mensae                                          Men  
                                      TROJÚHELNÍK               Triangulum,Trianguli                                    Tri 
                                      TUKAN                        Tucana,Tucanae                                        Tuc 
                                      VÁHY                          Libra, Librae                                              Lib 
                                      VELKÁ MEDVĚDICE        (viz Velký Medvěd)   
                                      VELKÝ MEDVĚD             Ursa Maior,Ursae Maioris                              UMa 
                                      VELKÝ PES                   Canis Maior, Canis Maioris                            CMa 
                                      VELKÝ VŮZ                  (viz Velký Medvěd)  
                                      VELRYBA                     Cetus, Ceti                                                Cet 
                                      VLASY BERENIKY          Coma Berenis, Comae Berenices                     Com 
                                      VLK                            Lupus, Lupi                                                Lup 
                                      VODNÁŘ                      Aquarius, Aquarii                                         Aqr 
                                      VOZKA                        Auriga, Aurigae                                           Aur 
                                      VÝVĚVA                      Antlia, Antliae                                             Ant 
                                      ZAJÍC                         Lepus, Leporis                                             Lep  
                                      ŽIRAFA                       Camelopardalis, Camelopardalis                       Cam 

 

Souhvězdí kolem severního pólu

    

Pól (též točna) je bod na obloze, kolem kterého se otáčejí všechny hvězdy. Jde samozřejmě o zdánlivé otáčení oblohy, způsobené rotací naší Země. Severní pól je blízko Polárky. Souhvězdí, která vidíme nad obzorem stále, nazývají se severní obtočnová neboli cirkumpolární. Naopak souhvězdí, která obíhají kolem jižního pólu oblohy , u nás nevidíme, nebo jich vidíme jenom část. Jsou stále pod obzorem a říkáme jim jižní obtočnová souhvězdí.

Souhvězdí kolem jižního pólu

 

 Souhvězdí kolem jižního pólu jsou v naší šířce stále pod obzorem. Kolem jižního a severního světového pólu se otáčí obloha jako obrovská dutá koule kolem dvou čepů. Blízko jižního pólu není žádná jasná hvězda, která by ho zvýraznila. K vyhledání jižního pólu slouží Malý Magellanův oblak a Jižní kříž. Rozdělíme-li spojnici g Cru a Malého Magellanova oblaku na třetiny, pak třetina vzdálenosti od Malého oblaku je poloha jižního pólu. Jinak lze najít polohu jižního pólu pomocí Magellanových oblaků.

               Jarní souhvězdí            

               

 

  Hvězdy letní oblohy

 Podzimní souhvězdí

 

Zimní souhvězdí